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A play goal The goal with a tennis play is it to win the necessary number from sentences to. This is reached, by playing the ball rule-fairly in such a way into the field of the opponent the fact that these do not reach the ball any longer or any longer cannot rewind it. It is to be noted that the ball with the tennis racquet must be struck and within the field (also the border lines to belong to the field) arise must, after it affected maximally once the soil. At the beginning of a ball change stands the impact in such a way specified, which into a special smaller field, which must be played service court. If an impact were irregularly implemented, the server has a second chance. If this is not rule-conformal implemented again, the point is given to the rueckschlaeger. One calls this double errors. If with an otherwise rule-conformal impact the ball affects the net edge, the impact must be repeated Counting method The complete play (also match called) is divided into the tennis into sentences, which consist again of several plays. A sentence is won if a player won 6 or 7 plays, whereby there are thereby different scenarios: 6 plays are enough to the sentence gain, if the opponent won at the most 4 plays. If it stands for 6:5 and the players lying in guidance wins the next play, then this decides the sentence with 7:5 for itself. If it stands for 6:6, then a special play, must decide the Tie BREAK, the sentence. The winner of the Tie BREAK can book the sentence with 7:6 for itself. A special arrangement steps with the Grand Slamtournaments (except US open) as well as the Davis Cup in strength, with those in the crucial sentence (with the gentlemen in 5., with the ladies in the 3.) no Tie BREAK is played, but 2 plays projection/lead to be attained to have. (the projection/lead rule applied before introduction of the Tie BREAK some years ago in each sentence.) In a normal play one of the contractors has the impact right. The counting method within a play is 0, 15, 30, 40. A play is won, as soon as one reached the player 40 points, and afterwards the next point obtains. An exception is the spielstand 40:40, also beginning ("deuce") mentioned. Here it is necessary to win two further points in order to decide the impact play for itself. If one wins the next point after beginning, the spielstand is called advantage ("Advantage"). After advantage either the end of the play or again beginning follows. The lost play of the breaking open is called BREAK (the impact advantage "was broken through"). Special meaning comes to the BREAK in the tennis: the player, who begins the ball change with the impact, has an advantage opposite the returnierenden player, since it can have pressure with a strong impact for the opponent. In the professional tennis thus a won service is rather the rule, a lost service the exception, whatever decides often the sentence. If a player could obtain by a following ball change a BREAK, then one speaks of a BREAK ball. A match with the tennis is delivered generally over 2 profit rates. With larger tournaments or in the final of such, with the gentlemen 3 profit rates are played. With seniors can instead of a crucial 3. Sentence also a Tie BREAK to be played. The ball change, which can lead to the play gain, is called match ball. History of the counting method For this there are two versions. With the version most frequently mentioned it is assumed that the counting method money-in-corrodes play bets on and in 14. Century in France decreases/goes back. Thus one set a bulk of denier , whichhad again a value of 15 denier for example . In a sentence, which often consisted at that time of four plays, 4 times 15 of "deniers" was thus set: 15 - 30 - 45 - 60. In 16. Century was probably replaced from loud comfort and the shorter discussion because of "45" by "40". The old-French Sol (late Sou) served as muenzeinheit. The Sol was in the Middle Ages the accounting unit for twelve Pfennig (old French: denier). 1266 were coined/shaped for the first time this unit in form of a silver coin, the "bulk of denier tournois", the large Pfennig of route. This coin became in 14. Century several times after-coined/shaped - the value amounted to in each case 15 of deniers tournois, that is 15 Pfennig out route. The second version refers to the lines on the playing field. Each mark, if a player made de with jeu paume one point, it moved a strip on and approached themselves so gradually the center of the field. The play began to the 0-Zoll-Linie. If a player won one point, he finally advanced to the 15-Zoll-Linie, then to the 30-Zoll-Linie and to the 45-Zoll-Linie. Then it had only won the play. Since one found the fact that this line the net was too close was carried back the last indication on a 40-Zoll-Linie. "0" with the tennis with the English word "Love" is counted. The origin of this expression lies in "tons of DO sth. for love", which is called as many as "etw. in vain do". Love does not come, as frequently accepted, from the French "l'oeuf"(=das egg). Changes of rule Since there is no zeitbegrenzung with the tennis, like with many other kinds of sport with a net in the center, it can last for a very long time, until a winner is certain. Therefore again and again rule proposed amendments are in the circulation, which are to make the play shorter more attractively and the duration. Thus to the 1970ern the Tie BREAK was already introduced, so that particularly long sentences are avoided. Further there is the NO-Adrule (NO Advantage), with which with a spielstand of 40:40 the next point decides on the play. This rule was used however officially so far only with double competitions. A reaction is to be recognized particularly with the hard place tennis. Since the ball changes last relatively briefly there, there are some considerations to make the ball changes more attractive and to extend thus the play time again. With some tournaments already larger balls are used, which are to decrease the speed. Also over an increase of the net edge or the abolishment of the second impact one discussed, so that the impact speed is reduced. However such suggestions remained so far without result. A further change is the so-called champions Tie BREAK. It is played like a normal Tie BREAK, ends however only at 10 instead of 7 points. Originally imported, in order to save to the older players the often fatiguing third sentence (instead the third sentence is replaced to the champions by Tie BREAK), it is used in the meantime also with the active ones in the official play enterprise and on tournaments. (Grund)Schlagarten First option The ball met on the side of the impact hand (with a Rechtshaender thus the right body half, with a left-handed person left) after a drawing back movement ideal-proves about huefthoch laterally before the body and struck back into the field of the opponent. The first option places with back hand and impact (s.u.) one of the basic impacts. Back hand With the back hand the ball on the impact hand is struck in relation to lying side (with a Rechtshaender thus left, left-handed people right). The impact arm must over the body be pulled and the body the ball be against-turned, in order to meet the ball huefthoch laterally before the body. In contrast to the first option the course of motion is more difficult by far more complex and the impact in the comparison to the first option to accomplish. Impact Return Major item: Return When Return (dt.: impact setback) the impact is designated, which strikes back the impact of the opponent. There the impact (or also the Schmetterschlag s.u. -) usually the hardest impact with the tennis, is it represents difficult the ball "returnieren" and back into the field of the opponent to strike. Schmetterschlag The Schmetterschlag (English: Smash) is a ball struck in the play over head. The drawing back movement is similar thereby as with the impact. Passing impact The passing impact (first option or back hand) marks an impact, with which at the net or cannot in the field standing opponent stationed the ball any longer reach. Praise With the praise one tries to overcome the opponent in the field by means of a very highly struck ball. Thus that is to be regarded praise also as passing impact. If the impact is too flat or too briefly struck, the opponent can answer with a Schmetterschlag or the ball still erlaufen and to rewind. Volley Major item: Volley Volley (dt. flugball) impacts are called, which are rewound the approaching ball directly in air, thus still before its impact on the soil. Usually this impact is used near the net. Halbvolley Here the ball is exactly struck if this hits the soil. This impact is used only in emergencies, since with this impact only heavily pressure can be exerted on the opponent. Stop ball This is a ball, which is so begun to cut that it only few centimeters behind the net "falls down". A goal is it that the opponent cannot reach this ball fast enough. Stop balls are particularly effective, if the opponent is far behind the baseline. If the stop ball attempt is however too long or if the ball jumps off too highly, the opponent in the consequence has a good opportunity to make the point. Volleystopball Here the stop ball from a flugball is set. The impact requires ability and exact timing. The difficulty consists in the art to take to the ball the speed and platzieren it briefly behind the net. This ability requires much exercise. One speaks thereby also of ball feeling. "Hechtvolley" With this special form of the Volley one tries to reach and in the field of the opponent bring a passing impact still with the help of a jump to the side. This impact became by Boris Becker admits. Originally a youth coach Beckers had developed this impact, in order to increase the range of new generation players at the net. Becker kept however this impact in its repertoire and successfully used it for astonishing its opponents and the spectators also with international tournaments (e.g. 1985 inWimbledon). Impact variations Topspin Major item: Topspin The most frequent impact in the modern tennis. Topspin describes a forward rotation of the ball and makes a stronger and at the same time safer play possible, since the ball screws itself upward first. Ergo has the ball on height of the net sufficient reserve, in order not to fly to the net. In the later flugverlauf a Topspinball lowers itself more strongly and jumps off additionally flatter and faster than one without rotation. Slice This impact was in former times many more frequently used. Today it serves only as attack ball on the back hand side, or simply as emergency impact. Here the ball has a Rueckwaertsrotation. Therefore the ball flies very flat over the net and jumps off with the impact the soil hardly more. Due to the longer flying time this impact can be used also to provide from a defensive situation time. CROSS A CROSS (dt.: crosswise) struck ball is a ball, which is played in diagonally in each case opposite lying corner of the place. A Rechtshaender plays therefore a CROSS struck first option a rechtshaendrigen opponent likewise on the first option (and/or back hand on back hand). Since the diagonal of the place is longer than the collateral line, can be struck harder and thus far flying balls CROSSES. Longline A longline (dt.: along the line) struck ball is a ball, which is played in each case in opposite lying corner of the place, i.e., the ball flies parallel to the side from line. A Rechtshaender therefore plays a longline struck first option a likewise rechtshaendrigen opponent on the back hand (and/or back hand on first option). Not to reach a longline struck passing impact (s.o.), which the side from line or scarcely beside it in the case of the impact meets, is for one at the net stationed players practically. ASS A ASS (English: Ace) is an impact, with which the struck ball could not be achieved by the opponent. A ASS can be obtained both with first and with the second impact.
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